A fixed deposit (FD) is a financial instrument provided by banks or NBFCs which provides investors a higher rate of interest than a regular savings account, until the given maturity date. It may or may not require the creation of a separate account. It is known as a term deposit or time deposit in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and The United States, and as a bond in the United Kingdom and for a fixed deposit is that the money cannot be withdrawn from the FD as compared to a recurring deposit or a demand deposit before maturity. Some banks may offer additional services to FD holders such as loans against FD certificates at competitive interest rates. It's important to note that banks may offer lesser interest rates under uncertain economic conditions. The interest rate varies between 4 and 7.50 percent.[1] The tenure of an FD can vary from 7, 15 or 45 days to 1.5 years and can be as high as 10 years.[2] These investments are safer than Post Office Schemes as they are covered by the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC). However, DICGC guarantees amount up to ₹ 500000(about $6850) per depositor per bank.[3] They also offer income tax and wealth tax benefits.
- Fixed Deposit Interest Rates In Us
- Fixed Deposit Interest Rate Hk
- Fixed Deposit Interest Rates
- Fixed Deposit Interest Rate
- Fixed Deposit Interest Rates Usa
Explanation[edit]
Fixed deposits are a high-interest-yielding term deposit and offered by banks in India. The most popular form of term deposits are fixed deposits, while other forms of term deposits are recurring deposit and Flexi Fixed deposits (the latter is actually a combination of demand deposit and fixed deposit)[citation needed].
Maximum – 8.50% AYA Time Deposit is ideal for the individual who has excess cash for an extended period of time. The account is opened for a particular fixed period (time) by depositing particular amount (money) and withdrawal is only allowed at the end of the particular period. Fixed Deposit Account It is an investment account with a specific amount invested at an agreed interest rate and tenor. Based on customer's instructions, at the end of agreed period (tenor), the investment can either be rolled over (re-invested) or liquidated (returned to customer) with the interest amount earned. Fixed Deposit maturity amount can be calculated using the FD Calculator in a simple manner using the below steps: Customer will have to select the Customer Type i.e. Normal or Senior Citizen; Select the type of Fixed Deposit i.e. Cumulative or Interest Payout (Quarterly/Monthly) or Short Term FD. What Is A Fixed Deposit Account? A Fixed Deposit account (FD) is a financial instrument offered by banks, which allows you to save your money for a fixed period of time to generate higher interest compared to a conventional savings account. In many western countries, FD is also known as term deposit or time deposit.
To compensate for the low liquidity, FDs offer higher rates of interest than saving accounts.[citation needed] The longest permissible term for FDs is 10 years. Generally, the longer the term of deposit, higher is the rate of interest but a bank may offer lower rate of interest for a longer period if it expects interest rates, at which the Central Bank of a nation lends to banks ('repo rates'), will dip in the future.[4]
Usually in India the interest on FDs is paid every three months from the date of the deposit (e.g. if FD a/c was opened on 15 Feb, the first interest installment would be paid on 15 May). The interest is credited to the customers' Savings bank account or sent to them by cheque. This is a Simple FD.[5] The customer may choose to have the interest reinvested in the FD account. In this case, the deposit is called the Cumulative FD or compound interest FD. For such deposits, the interest is paid with the invested amount on maturity of the deposit at the end of the term.[6]
Although banks can refuse to repay FDs before the expiry of the deposit, they generally don't. This is known as a premature withdrawal. In such cases, interest is paid at the rate applicable at the time of withdrawal. For example, a deposit is made for 5 years at 8%, but is withdrawn after 2 years. If the rate applicable on the date of deposit for 2 years is 5 per cent, the interest will be paid at 5 per cent. Banks can charge a penalty for premature withdrawal.[5]
Banks issue a separate receipt for every FD because each deposit is treated as a distinct contract. This receipt is known as the Fixed Deposit Receipt (FDR), that has to be surrendered to the bank at the time of renewal or encashment.[7]
Many banks offer the facility of automatic renewal of FDs where the customers do give new instructions for the matured deposit. On the date of maturity, such deposits are renewed for a similar term as that of the original deposit at the rate prevailing on the date of renewal.
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Income tax regulations require that FD maturity proceeds exceeding Rs 20,000 not to be paid in cash. Repayment of such and larger deposits has to be either by 'A/c payee' crossed cheque in the name of the customer or by credit to the saving bank a/c or current a/c of the customer.
Nowadays, banks give the facility of Flexi or sweep in FD, where in customers can withdraw their money through ATM, through cheque or through funds transfer from their FD account. In such cases, whatever interest is accrued on the amount they have withdrawn will be credited to their savings account (the account that has been linked to their FD) and the balance amount will automatically be converted in their new FD. This system helps them in getting their funds from their FD account at the times of emergency in a timely manner.
Benefits[edit]
- Customers can avail loans against FDs up to 80 to 90 percent of the value of deposits. The rate of interest on the loan could be 1 to 2 percent over the rate offered on the deposit.[8]
- Residents of India can open these accounts for a minimum of seven days.
- Investing in a fixed deposit earns customers a higher interest rate than depositing money in a saving account.
- Tax saving fixed deposits are a type of fixed deposits that allow the investor to save tax under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act. [9]
Taxability[edit]
Tax is deducted by the banks on FDs if interest paid to a customer at any bank exceeds Rs. 10,000 in a financial year. This is applicable to both interest payable or reinvested per customer. This is called Tax deducted at Source and is presently fixed at 10% of the interest. With CBS banks can tally FD holding of a customer across various branches and TDS is applied if interest exceeds Rs 10,000.Banks issue Form 16 A every quarter to the customer, as a receipt for Tax Deducted at Source.[10]
However, tax on interest from fixed deposits is not 10%; it is applicable at the rate of tax slab of the deposit holder. If any tax on Fixed Deposit interest is due after TDS, the holder is expected to declare it in Income Tax returns and pay it by himself.
If the total income for a year does not fall within the overall taxable limits, customers can submit a Form 15 G (below 60 years of age) or Form 15 H (above 60 years of age) to the bank when starting the FD and at the start of every financial year to avoid TDS.
How bank FD rates of interest vary with Central Bank policy[edit]
In certain macroeconomic conditions (particularly during periods of high inflation) a Central Bank adopts a tight monetary policy, that is, it hikes the interest rates at which it lends to banks ('repo rates'?). Under such conditions, banks also hike both their lending (i.e. loan) as well as deposit (FD) rates. Under such conditions of high FD rates, FDs become an attractive investment avenue as they offer good returns and are almost completely secure with no risk[citation needed]. These can be checked with the excess rates in the country.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Sumant Khanderao Muranjan (1952). Modern banking in India. Kamala Pub. House. p. 80.
- ^Mohan Lal Tannan (1965). Banking law and practice inIndia. Thacker. p. 23.
- ^'DICGC – A guide to FD'. Archived from the original on 22 August 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
3. What is the maximum deposit amount insured by the DICGC? Each depositor in a bank is insured up to a maximum of 100,000 (Rupees One Lakh) for both principal and interest amount held by him in the same right and same capacity as on the date of liquidation/cancellation of bank's licence or the date on which the scheme of amalgamation/merger/reconstruction comes into force.
- ^R. P. Maheshwari (1997). A Complete Course in ISC Commerce. Pitambar Publishing. p. 102. ISBN978-81-209-0643-3.
- ^ abRaj Kapila; Uma Kapila (May 2001). India's banking and financial sector in the new millennium. Academic Ffoundation. p. 199. ISBN978-81-7188-223-6.
- ^Ambika Prasad Dash (2009). Security Analysis And Portfolio Management (Paperback) , Second Edition. I. K. International Pvt Ltd. p. 55. ISBN978-93-8002-610-7.
- ^Muralidharan. Modern Banking: Theory And Practice. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. p. 274. ISBN978-81-203-3655-1.
- ^Nico Swart (2004). Personal Financial 'Learn to earn money' Management. Juta and Company Ltd. p. 338. ISBN978-0-7021-5514-7.
- ^'Benefits of Investing in Tax Saving Fixed Deposits'.
- ^Outlook Publishing (22 May 2008). Outlook Money. Outlook Publishing. p. 27.
Fixed deposits are term deposits or these deposits are a high interest-bearing deposit and offer a wide range of tenures ranging from 7 days to 10 years. In a Fixed deposit, depositors can deposit the fixed amount for the fixed period in the bank. If the depositor wants to premature the account then the bank charged some penalty. Banks pay higher interest rates on longer-term deposits.
At the time of maturity there are five types of options available for calculating the maturity amount.
- When Principal and the interest are redeemed at the time maturity
Suppose Ramesh wants to open the fixed deposit amounting Rs.5,00,000/- for 1 year and he wants to redeem all the amount at maturity. Then what will be the total amount credited in Ramesh account at the time of maturity? Rate of interest assumed as 7% p.a
Rs.5,00,000 *7%=Rs 35,000/-
Cash out earn real money online. Total amount at the time of Maturity is Rs.5,00,000+ Rs.35,000=Rs.5,35,000/-
- FD booked with Quarterly Payout.
When your Fixed Deposit is booked with the quarterly interest payout option, the maturity amount is the same as the principal amount. The interest amount will be credited to your account at quarterly intervals.
Fixed Deposit Interest Rates In Us
Example for Quartley PAyout:
Suppose Ramesh wants a Fixed deposit of Rs. 5000 for 1 year with Quarterly Interest payout assuming the rate of interest @7%p.a.In quarterly interest payout, Interest is calculated on monthly basis and credited to the customer account on every quarter. In this example, interest on Rs 5000 is calculated every month @5000*7%*30/365=28.69. Then add the three months interset 28.69+29.64+28.69=Rs.87 is credited to the customer account in first quarter and so on.
The Total Interest amount is Rs.349/- and the quarterly interest will be credited to the Ramesh account. At the time of Maturity, the Principal amount will be credited to his account.
- FD booked with Monthly Payout:
With Reference to the first example, the monthly interest will be credited to the customer account and the Principal Amount will be created at the time of maturity.Monthly interest i.e. Rs.5000@7%*30/365=Rs.28.69.Rounded off (Rs.29/-) credited to customer account every month and the principal amount Rs.5000/- credited at the time of maturity.
Fixed Deposit Interest Rate Hk
- Short Term Fixed Deposits
A Person can open the short term fixed deposits for a period of 7days to 10 years. At the time of maturity, the principal amount will be credited with the interest in the account.
Suppose Rs.5000 is deposited for a period of 60 days and the rate of the interest is 7% p.a. Interest amount will be calculated as follows:
The total amount credited at the time of maturity is Rs. 5057/-
- FD Booked with Reinvestment or Cumulative Fixed deposit
In a cumulative fixed deposit, interest is reinvested with the principal amount and compounded as per the time period mentioned. The maturity of these fixed deposits ranges from six months to 10 years.
Suppose Rs.5000/- is deposited for 2 years with the reinvestment.ROI @7% p.a.In cumulative Fixed deposit, Interest is calculated on monthly basis and added to the principal amount on every quarter. In the first quarter the interest for three months amounts Rs.76 credited to the principal amount and then in next quarter interest is calculated on Rs.5000+76=Rs.5076/- and so on.
The total amount credited at the time of maturity is Rs.5647/-
- The amount mentioned in the example is an indicative figure.
- Please refer to the FD Calculator to get the exact maturity amount.
Premature FD
As per the Terms & Conditions of Fixed Deposit Accounts of the bank, the penalty on premature closure of Fixed Deposits, including sweep-in and partial closures, has been fixed by the Bank at the rate of 1% of the fixed deposit interest rate. This is applicable with effect from 24th January 2011.
How bank FD rates of interest vary with Central Bank policy[edit]
In certain macroeconomic conditions (particularly during periods of high inflation) a Central Bank adopts a tight monetary policy, that is, it hikes the interest rates at which it lends to banks ('repo rates'?). Under such conditions, banks also hike both their lending (i.e. loan) as well as deposit (FD) rates. Under such conditions of high FD rates, FDs become an attractive investment avenue as they offer good returns and are almost completely secure with no risk[citation needed]. These can be checked with the excess rates in the country.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Sumant Khanderao Muranjan (1952). Modern banking in India. Kamala Pub. House. p. 80.
- ^Mohan Lal Tannan (1965). Banking law and practice inIndia. Thacker. p. 23.
- ^'DICGC – A guide to FD'. Archived from the original on 22 August 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
3. What is the maximum deposit amount insured by the DICGC? Each depositor in a bank is insured up to a maximum of 100,000 (Rupees One Lakh) for both principal and interest amount held by him in the same right and same capacity as on the date of liquidation/cancellation of bank's licence or the date on which the scheme of amalgamation/merger/reconstruction comes into force.
- ^R. P. Maheshwari (1997). A Complete Course in ISC Commerce. Pitambar Publishing. p. 102. ISBN978-81-209-0643-3.
- ^ abRaj Kapila; Uma Kapila (May 2001). India's banking and financial sector in the new millennium. Academic Ffoundation. p. 199. ISBN978-81-7188-223-6.
- ^Ambika Prasad Dash (2009). Security Analysis And Portfolio Management (Paperback) , Second Edition. I. K. International Pvt Ltd. p. 55. ISBN978-93-8002-610-7.
- ^Muralidharan. Modern Banking: Theory And Practice. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. p. 274. ISBN978-81-203-3655-1.
- ^Nico Swart (2004). Personal Financial 'Learn to earn money' Management. Juta and Company Ltd. p. 338. ISBN978-0-7021-5514-7.
- ^'Benefits of Investing in Tax Saving Fixed Deposits'.
- ^Outlook Publishing (22 May 2008). Outlook Money. Outlook Publishing. p. 27.
Fixed deposits are term deposits or these deposits are a high interest-bearing deposit and offer a wide range of tenures ranging from 7 days to 10 years. In a Fixed deposit, depositors can deposit the fixed amount for the fixed period in the bank. If the depositor wants to premature the account then the bank charged some penalty. Banks pay higher interest rates on longer-term deposits.
At the time of maturity there are five types of options available for calculating the maturity amount.
- When Principal and the interest are redeemed at the time maturity
Suppose Ramesh wants to open the fixed deposit amounting Rs.5,00,000/- for 1 year and he wants to redeem all the amount at maturity. Then what will be the total amount credited in Ramesh account at the time of maturity? Rate of interest assumed as 7% p.a
Rs.5,00,000 *7%=Rs 35,000/-
Cash out earn real money online. Total amount at the time of Maturity is Rs.5,00,000+ Rs.35,000=Rs.5,35,000/-
- FD booked with Quarterly Payout.
When your Fixed Deposit is booked with the quarterly interest payout option, the maturity amount is the same as the principal amount. The interest amount will be credited to your account at quarterly intervals.
Fixed Deposit Interest Rates In Us
Example for Quartley PAyout:
Suppose Ramesh wants a Fixed deposit of Rs. 5000 for 1 year with Quarterly Interest payout assuming the rate of interest @7%p.a.In quarterly interest payout, Interest is calculated on monthly basis and credited to the customer account on every quarter. In this example, interest on Rs 5000 is calculated every month @5000*7%*30/365=28.69. Then add the three months interset 28.69+29.64+28.69=Rs.87 is credited to the customer account in first quarter and so on.
The Total Interest amount is Rs.349/- and the quarterly interest will be credited to the Ramesh account. At the time of Maturity, the Principal amount will be credited to his account.
- FD booked with Monthly Payout:
With Reference to the first example, the monthly interest will be credited to the customer account and the Principal Amount will be created at the time of maturity.Monthly interest i.e. Rs.5000@7%*30/365=Rs.28.69.Rounded off (Rs.29/-) credited to customer account every month and the principal amount Rs.5000/- credited at the time of maturity.
Fixed Deposit Interest Rate Hk
- Short Term Fixed Deposits
A Person can open the short term fixed deposits for a period of 7days to 10 years. At the time of maturity, the principal amount will be credited with the interest in the account.
Suppose Rs.5000 is deposited for a period of 60 days and the rate of the interest is 7% p.a. Interest amount will be calculated as follows:
The total amount credited at the time of maturity is Rs. 5057/-
- FD Booked with Reinvestment or Cumulative Fixed deposit
In a cumulative fixed deposit, interest is reinvested with the principal amount and compounded as per the time period mentioned. The maturity of these fixed deposits ranges from six months to 10 years.
Suppose Rs.5000/- is deposited for 2 years with the reinvestment.ROI @7% p.a.In cumulative Fixed deposit, Interest is calculated on monthly basis and added to the principal amount on every quarter. In the first quarter the interest for three months amounts Rs.76 credited to the principal amount and then in next quarter interest is calculated on Rs.5000+76=Rs.5076/- and so on.
The total amount credited at the time of maturity is Rs.5647/-
- The amount mentioned in the example is an indicative figure.
- Please refer to the FD Calculator to get the exact maturity amount.
Premature FD
As per the Terms & Conditions of Fixed Deposit Accounts of the bank, the penalty on premature closure of Fixed Deposits, including sweep-in and partial closures, has been fixed by the Bank at the rate of 1% of the fixed deposit interest rate. This is applicable with effect from 24th January 2011.
Senior Citizen Interest Rate.
Fixed Deposit Interest Rates
Bank will give a 0.5% extra interest rate to the senior citizen customer of the bank.
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Fixed Deposit Interest Rates Usa
